Fading Channel

Definition (Fading channel)

A memoryless fading channel is given by Yi=AiXi+ZiY_{i}=A_{i}X_{i}+Z_{i}where ZiZ_{i} is the additive noise, Xi,YiX_{i},Y_{i} are the input and output, and AiA_{i} which is the fading at time ii. Note that Ai ⁣ ⁣ ⁣Xi ⁣ ⁣ ⁣Zi, i,j,kA_{i}\perp\!\!\!\perp X_{i} \perp\!\!\!\perp Z_{i}, \ \forall i,j,k.

Theorem (Capacity with Decoder-Side Information (DSI))

Given a fading channel where both YY and AA are known at the receiver at each time instant (i.e. (Y,A)(Y,A) is the channel output). Then we define the channel capacity with DSI, CDSI(P)C_{DSI}(P) as CDSI(P)=EA[12log2(1+A2Pσ2)]C_{DSI}(P)=E_{A}\left[\frac{1}{2}\log_{2}\left(1+ \frac{A^{2}P}{\sigma^{2}}\right) \right]

Remark

Fading decreases capacity for the AWGN Channel CDSI(P)CG(P)C_{DSI}(P)\le C_{G}(P)

Theorem (Capacity with Full-Side Information (FSI))

Given a fading channel where YY and AA are known at the receiver and at the transmitter at each time instant. Then we define the channel capacity with FSI, CFSI(P)C_{FSI}(P) as CFSI(P)=EA[12log2(1+A2p(A)σ2)]C_{FSI}(P)=E_{A}\left[\frac{1}{2}\log_{2}\left(1+ \frac{A^{2}p^{*}(A)}{\sigma^{2}}\right) \right]where we define the optimal power allocation, pp^{*}, as p(a)=max(0,1λσ2a2)p^{*}(a)=\max\left(0,\frac{1}{\lambda}- \frac{\sigma^{2}}{a^{2}}\right)and λ\lambda satisfies EA[p(A)]=PE_{A}[p^{*}(A)]=P.

Remark

Fading decreases capacity for the AWGN Channel CFSI(P)CG(P)C_{FSI}(P)\le C_{G}(P)

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